Tinhorn’s Daughter Glossary

Stories from the Golden Age reflect the words and expressions used in the 1930s and 1940s, adding unique flavor and authenticity to the tales. While a character’s speech may often reflect regional origins, it also can convey attitudes common in the day. So that readers can better grasp such cultural and historical terms, uncommon words or expressions of the era, the following glossary has been provided.

aces up: in high favor or esteem; first rate, fine or outstanding in some way. In some card games, the ace is the highest valued playing card and “aces up” alludes to the fact that the card player has aces in his hand (the cards dealt to or held by each player) and thus a very good chance of winning.

batwing: one of a pair of batwings; long chaps (leggings worn for protection) with big flaps of leather. They usually fasten with rings and snaps.

Bois-Guilbert, Brian de: a knight and the villain in the novel Ivanhoe. He and Ivanhoe are mortal enemies.

box: the stagecoach driver’s seat.

buffalo robe: the prepared skin of an American bison, with the hair left on, used as a lap robe, rug or blanket.

casque: an open, conical helmet with a nose guard, commonly used in the medieval period.

chinking: on a log cabin, the sticks or rocks used to fill the chink (space between the logs).

clapboard: a type of siding covering the outer walls of buildings in which one edge of each long thin board is thicker than the other. The thick edge of each board overlaps the thin edge of the board below it.

Colt: a single-action, six-shot cylinder revolver, most commonly available in .45- or .44-caliber versions. It was first manufactured in 1873 for the Army by the Colt Firearms Company, the armory founded by American inventor Samuel Colt (1814–1862) who revolutionized the firearms industry with the invention of the revolver. The Colt, also known as the Peacemaker, was also made available to civilians. As a reliable, inexpensive and popular handgun among cowboys, it became known as the “cowboy’s gun” and a symbol of the Old West.

Concord: manufactured in Concord, New Hampshire, the one-ton “Concord Coach” was the finest road vehicle of its time, costing $1,050. The wheels were made to withstand the heat and cold. The body was strengthened with iron bands and rested on three-inch-thick oxen-leather braces, installed to prevent injury to the horses that were more valuable to the stage line than any passenger. The interior was four feet wide by four and a half feet high, with adjustable leather curtains, and three padded leather seats (known to be harder than the wood beneath them) for nine passengers. The body was so strong that as many as ten or twelve passengers could perch on top. These stages were beautifully colored, red with yellow trim and gold-leaf scrollwork. However, with all of this, long rides were so uncomfortable that they were known to be “cruel and unusual punishment.”

cotillion: a brisk, lively dance characterized by many intricate steps and the continual changing of partners. Used figuratively.

couch: a pocket of sorts for placing or holding a spear or the like in a level position and pointed forward, ready for use.

coyote: a contemptible person, especially a greedy or dishonest one.

dadblamed: confounded; damned.

double-deck: a version of the card game blackjack, played with two decks of cards. Used as a nickname.

drop on, got the: aimed and ready to shoot a gun at an antagonist before the other person’s gun can be drawn.

false-front: describes a façade falsifying the size, finish or importance of a building.

flower, in: the finest or most flourishing period.

forked leather: mounted a saddled horse.

forty-four or .44: a .44-caliber rifle.

G-men: government men; agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

gone to glory: gone off; lost.

hard-boiled: tough; unsentimental.

hearse plume: on antique horse-drawn hearses, a feather plume, usually ostrich feathers dyed black, used to decorate the tops of the horses’ heads.

Ivanhoe: a novel (1819) by Sir Walter Scott (1771–1832), a Scottish novelist and poet who was one of the most prominent figures in English Romanticism.

jack: money.

jigsawing: puzzling; exercising one’s mind over some problem or matter.

John B.: Stetson; as the most popular broad-brimmed hat in the West, it became the generic name for hat. John B. Stetson was a master hat maker and founder of the company that has been making Stetsons since 1865. Not only can the Stetson stand up to a terrific amount of beating, the cowboy’s hat has more different uses than any other garment he wears. It keeps the sun out of the eyes and off the neck; it serves as an umbrella; it makes a great fan, which sometimes is needed when building a fire or shunting cattle about; the brim serves as a cup to water oneself, or as a bucket to water the horse or put out the fire.

lariat: a long noosed rope used for catching horses, cattle, etc.; lasso.

livery stable: a stable that accommodates and looks after horses for their owners.

lobo: wolf; one who is regarded as predatory, greedy and fierce.

locoweed: any of a number of plants widespread in the mountains of the Western US that make livestock act crazy when they eat them.

longhorn: a name given the early cattle of Texas because of the enormous spread of their horns that served for attack and defense. They were not only mean, but the slightest provocation, especially with a bull, would turn them into an aggressive and dangerous enemy. They had lanky bodies and long legs built for speed. A century or so of running wild had made the longhorns tough and hardy enough to withstand blizzards, droughts, dust storms and attacks by other animals and Indians. It took a good horse with a good rider to outrun a longhorn.

neck-reined: guided a horse by pressure of the reins against its neck.

nigh: the left side (of an animal).

plug: a flat cake of pressed or twisted tobacco; chewing tobacco.

polecat: skunk; a thoroughly contemptible person.

puncher: a hired hand who tends cattle and performs other duties on horseback.

quarter: mercy or indulgence, especially as shown in sparing a life and accepting the surrender of a vanquished enemy.

quirted: lashed with a quirt, a flexible, woven-leather whip with a short stock about a foot long.

right-of-way: the right to build and operate a railway line on land belonging to another, or the land so used.

rimfire saddle: a saddle with one cinch that is placed far to the front; also called a Spanish rig or rimmy.

road agent: stagecoach robber in the mid- to late-nineteenth-century American West.

Scheherazade: the female narrator of The Arabian Nights, who during one thousand and one adventurous nights saved her life by entertaining her husband, the king, with stories.

Sharps: any of several models of firearms devised by Christian Sharps and produced by the Sharps Rifle Company until 1881. The most popular Sharps were “Old Reliable,” the cavalry carbine, and the heavy-caliber, single-shot buffalo-hunting rifle. Because of its low muzzle velocity, this gun was said to “fire today, kill tomorrow.”

slick as a whistle: quickly; easily.

sorrel: a horse with a reddish-brown coat.

tidy: a small covering, usually ornamental, placed on the backs and arms of upholstered furniture to prevent wear or soiling.

tilt course: the tournament grounds on which knights rush at or charge one another, as in a joust.

tinhorn: someone, especially a gambler, who pretends to be important, but actually has little money, influence or skill.

truck: vegetables raised for the market.

truck farms: farms growing produce; farms producing vegetables for sale commercially.

two bits: a quarter; during the colonial days, people used coins from all over the world. When the US adopted an official currency, the Spanish milled (machine-struck) dollar was chosen and it later became the model for American silver dollars. Milled dollars were easily cut apart into equal “bits” of eight pieces. Two bits would equal a quarter of a dollar.

vigilantes: citizens banded together in the West as vigilance committees, without legal sanction and usually in the absence of effective law enforcement, to take action against men viewed as threats to life and property. The usual pattern of vigilance committees was to grab their enemies (guilty or not), stage a sort of trial and hang them. Their other enemies were then likely to get out of town.

Winchester: an early family of repeating rifles; a single-barreled rifle containing multiple rounds of ammunition. Manufactured by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company, it was widely used in the US during the latter half of the nineteenth century. The 1873 model is often called “the gun that won the West” for its immense popularity at that time, as well as its use in fictional Westerns.

yaller pup: yellow dog; a cowardly, despicable person.

ye: the.